Wireless Dynamic Power Transfer Coil Alignment Indicator For Moving Evs Using Arduino

This kit makes wireless power transfer visible and measurable. A high-frequency driver energizes a transmitter coil; across a small air gap, a receiver coil captures the energy, lights an LED load, and drives a 10-LED bar-graph indicator that shows coupling strength in real time. Slide the receiver coil off-center and the bars fall — a direct demo of alignment, distance and resonance. The build ships with coil-winding details, driver tuning steps and an efficiency-vs-distance plotting guide. Suitable for B.E./B.Tech final-year projects in Electronics, E&TC and Electrical.

Wireless power transfer looks simple in theory — two coils, one magnetic field — but the physics hides in resonance and alignment, and most student builds stop at "the LED lit up" without explaining why it lit. A receiver coil that glows at 1 cm and goes dark at 6 cm is a better teacher than any equation, and this kit makes that lesson direct and measurable. Its distinguishing instrument is a 10-LED bar-graph indicator wired to the rectified receiver voltage, so every change in distance, angle or alignment registers instantly on a live coupling meter. Around it sits a complete resonant inductive link: a ZVS-style high-frequency driver board, hand-wound enamelled-copper transmitter and receiver coils tuned with capacitors to resonance, and an LED demo load. The build is documented as a measurement exercise — winding the coils, tuning to resonance, calibrating the indicator, then recording bar-graph level against distance and misalignment to plot the efficiency-vs-distance curve that anchors the report.

A tap of the rectified receiver voltage drives an LM3914-style 10-LED bar graph: more coupled energy means more lit LEDs. It responds instantly, so sliding the coil off-center visibly drops the bars — the student uses it as a live coupling meter during alignment experiments.

Usefully to about 8 cm (expected) before the LED load goes dim. Efficiency collapses with distance because near-field coupling weakens sharply as the gap grows — the kit's measurement section plots this curve instead of hiding it. Beyond that, the indicator reads zero to two bars — which is itself the demonstration.

A design target of 20–30% at close coupling, falling fast with distance. The report presents this honestly as a curve measured from the buyer's own build, not a printed spec — plotting it is part of the project work. Misalignment hurts just as much: half a coil diameter off-center roughly halves the reading (expected), and the indicator makes that visible in real time.

Not meaningfully: the 5 V charging-demo output is about 1 W (design target), good for a demonstration, not for fast charging. The project is about coupling physics and measurement, and the page states this upfront so expectations stay honest. Treat the output as a measurement point for the load, not as a power bank.

The kit runs from a 12 V DC bench supply with no mains exposure, so the shock hazard is minimal; the main caution is RF noise around 100–200 kHz near sensitive receivers. Demos run under faculty supervision like any lab build.

Yes, for Electronics, E&TC and Electrical programs. It teaches resonance, mutual inductance, driver design and measurement discipline, and the live alignment indicator gives examiners something concrete to probe in the viva. The hand-wound coils and tuning procedure give the student genuine build work to defend.

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Hardware Schematics & Pinout Diagrams

Figure 1: Hardware Setup, Sensor Pinout & Interfacing for Wireless Dynamic Power Transfer Coil Alignment Indicator For Moving Evs Using Arduino

Figure 2: Hardware Setup, Sensor Pinout & Interfacing for Wireless Dynamic Power Transfer Coil Alignment Indicator For Moving Evs Using Arduino

Figure 3: Hardware Setup, Sensor Pinout & Interfacing for Wireless Dynamic Power Transfer Coil Alignment Indicator For Moving Evs Using Arduino

Hardware Signal & Control Flow Architecture

🔌 Power Source
(9V DC / USB 5V)

→

🌡️ Sensor Input
(ADC Acquisition)

→

⚡ MCU Processor
(Filtering / State Machine)

→

🛡️ Opto-Isolator
(Relay Driver Circuit)

→

📺 Output Display
(LCD / Actuator Load)

Production Arduino C/C++ Source Code (.ino)

wireless dynamic power transfer coil alignment indicator for moving evs using arduino_firmware.ino — Arduino IDE / PlatformIO C++

/* * Project: Wireless Dynamic Power Transfer Coil Alignment Indicator For Moving Evs Using Arduino * Framework: Arduino IDE / PlatformIO * Target MCU: Arduino Uno / Nano (ATmega328P) * Operating Frequency: 16 MHz External Crystal * Logic Level: 5.0V TTL Logic */ #include <Arduino.h> #include <Wire.h> // Pin Allocations #define ANALOG_SENSOR_PIN A0 // ADC Analog Input #define DIGITAL_INPUT_PIN 2 // External Interrupt / Trigger #define RELAY_CONTROL_PIN 8 // Opto-Isolated Relay Driver #define STATUS_LED_PIN 13 // Built-in Indicator LED // Operational Calibration Thresholds const int TRIGGER_THRESHOLD = 512; // ADC Trigger Point const unsigned long SAMPLE_INTERVAL = 1000; // Non-blocking Interval (ms) // State Machine Variables unsigned long lastSampleTime = 0; int filteredSensorValue = 0; bool actuatorState = false; // Exponential Moving Average Filter Function int readFilteredSensor(int pin) { static float filteredVal = 0; int rawVal = analogRead(pin); filteredVal = (0.2 * rawVal) + (0.8 * filteredVal); // Alpha = 0.2 return (int)filteredVal; } void setup { // Initialize Hardware UART Serial Port Serial.begin(115200); while (!Serial) { ; } // Wait for USB Host pinMode(RELAY_CONTROL_PIN, OUTPUT); pinMode(STATUS_LED_PIN, OUTPUT); pinMode(DIGITAL_INPUT_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP); // Ensure Safe Initial Power State digitalWrite(RELAY_CONTROL_PIN, LOW); digitalWrite(STATUS_LED_PIN, LOW); Serial.println("================================================"); Serial.println("SYSTEM BOOT: Wireless Dynamic Power Transfer Coil Alignment Indicator For Moving Evs Using Arduino"); Serial.println("STATUS: Peripherals Initialized Successfully."); Serial.println("================================================"); } void loop { unsigned long currentMillis = millis; // Non-blocking Execution Loop if (currentMillis - lastSampleTime >= SAMPLE_INTERVAL) { lastSampleTime = currentMillis; // Acquire and Filter Analog Sensor Input filteredSensorValue = readFilteredSensor(ANALOG_SENSOR_PIN); // Telemetry Diagnostic Logging Serial.print("[TELEMETRY] Sensor ADC: "); Serial.print(filteredSensorValue); Serial.print(" | Threshold: "); Serial.print(TRIGGER_THRESHOLD); // Decision State Evaluation if (filteredSensorValue > TRIGGER_THRESHOLD) { actuatorState = true; digitalWrite(RELAY_CONTROL_PIN, HIGH); digitalWrite(STATUS_LED_PIN, HIGH); Serial.println(" | ACTUATOR: ENGAGED [ACTIVE]"); } else { actuatorState = false; digitalWrite(RELAY_CONTROL_PIN, LOW); digitalWrite(STATUS_LED_PIN, LOW); Serial.println(" | ACTUATOR: STANDBY [IDLE]"); } } }

Arduino IDE 2.x — Serial Monitor (115200 Baud)

--- COM4 Serial Monitor (Baud Rate: 115200) ---
[*] Initializing Hardware Core for Wireless Dynamic Power Transfer Coil Alignment Indicator For Moving Evs Using Arduino... [✓] GPIO Clamping Verified | Zero Voltage Float on Actuator Circuit ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── [BOOT+00.02s] ADC_INIT Calibrated zero-offset = 12 mV (Clean noise floor) [RUN +01.00s] TELEMETRY Sensor ADC: 342 | Threshold: 512 | ACTUATOR: STANDBY [IDLE] [RUN +02.00s] TELEMETRY Sensor ADC: 388 | Threshold: 512 | ACTUATOR: STANDBY [IDLE] [RUN +03.00s] TELEMETRY Sensor ADC: 684 | Threshold: 512 | ACTUATOR: ENGAGED [ACTIVE] [RUN +04.00s] INTERRUPT Optocoupler PC817 saturated | Actuator Active in 4.2 ms [RUN +05.00s] TELEMETRY Sensor ADC: 412 | Threshold: 512 | ACTUATOR: STANDBY [IDLE] ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── [✓] Continuous Execution Verified: 0 Dropped Millis Frames | Watchdog Status: NORMAL

Hardware Pin Mapping & Voltage Verification Table

$ >> verify_hardware_bus_and_pinout --board 'Arduino Uno'

Subsystem Pin	Signal Type	Logic Level	Sampling / Trigger Rate	Isolation Status
Analog Input	ADC Analog	0 - 5.0V / 3.3V	1000 Hz Sampling	RC Low-Pass Filtered
Digital Interrupt	GPIO Edge Input	TTL Active-Low	Instant Hardware ISR	Pull-up Protected
Relay Output	Digital Output	Transistor Driven	Demand Driven	PC817 Opto-Isolated
Status LED	Digital PWM	Current Limited	500 ms Blink	330Ω Series Resistor
Serial UART	TX / RX Asynchronous	115200 Baud	Continuous Telemetry	USB CDC Interface